Friday, December 27, 2019

Research Paper Why Is It Necessary To Study Literature

Research Paper: Why Is It Necessary To Study Literature? Sad as it may be, a lot of young people nowadays find it hard to cope with the school literature curriculum and keep wondering what good it does to scrupulously examine the lives of fictional characters who are just a figment of somebody’s imagination. So, is it actually a waste of time or there is more to it, than it seems? Although a book is actually created by the writer’s imagination, the personages are endowed with the character traits and behavior models of real people. Therefore, literature is a great source of psychological information and introduces us to the most typical human problems. Even if you are reading a work of the seventeenth century, you will be able to draw parallels with your life and environment. Reading makes you feel as if you were in the characters’ shoes and sympathize with them or feel indignant with their actions. Moreover, it teaches you about the world, since within a few seconds you are able to immerse into a different historic period or transfer to the other part of the world. It helps you learn new things about the world we are living in, but at the same time it clearly shows how similar we all are despite the difference in the location, race and age. When you read a book and identify yourself with the character, you actually identify yourself with thousan ds of other people around the globe, who share your feelings. To sum up, literature is meant to help us learn a lot about the people and the surrounding world and on the basis of this knowledge to form our outlook on the world. It teaches us to feel and use our imagination, which is by all means important in your formation as a personality.

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Lotteries Cheat and Corrupt people Essay - 693 Words

Lotteries Cheat, Corrupt The People In â€Å"Lotteries Cheat, Corrupt The People† George F. Will argues that lotteries have done nothing but corrupt and cheat the people of this country. Will compares gambling to a game of jai alai saying it is a â€Å"game for the entertainment of gamblers and the benefit of, among others, the state treasury.† However, I disagree completely and truly believe that lotteries do much than that. Lotteries give personal enjoyment to those who are gambling and hope to those who are hopeless. Along with the benefits it brings to the individuals who participate, the government also profits by gaining money that they can than spend on other valuable practices. The majority of gamblers do not gamble for the money; they†¦show more content†¦Will says â€Å"Gamblers are drawn disproportionately from minority and poor populations that can ill-afford to gamble, that are especially susceptible to the lure of gambling†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Minority’s and people with lower income see gambling as a chance of hope that could possibly turn their lives around; especially a person who unfortunately has to work a minimum or sub minimum wage job to support their family. From the moment the ticket is purchased to the date they announce the lucky numbers; hope of a life-changing event is instilled in the ticket holders mind. Along with the thought of hope that lotteries bring to the table; they also provide very important funding to their communities. People who are uneducated about the lottery look down upon it. Mainly people believe it is nothing but a scam along with an addictive way rush that can drain away all of the players money. Apart from personal enjoyment and hope, lotteries give back and support their communities. Nation wide states need the support of its people before creating a lottery. California’s State Lottery was erected due to the promises of giving back and supporting statewide education. California recently passed a bill stating that eighty seven percent of sales generated through the lottery will go back to the public through prizes and contributions to education – leaving the rest to government expenses. Lotteries are not brought to states for the purposes of cheating and corrupting the people; they are intact toShow MoreRelatedComputers And The Internet s Effect On Society1565 Words   |  7 Pageshacking and fraud. There are many forms of fraud techniques people may use against a target and there are government agencies which will provide awareness for those techniques. Cyber terrorism is another threats to society in the damage it can cause organization which could overall affect a s ociety. 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I was the bad boy and all that. I was difficult dealing with. But still, I was here. Helena and the kids were also good. We had a nice house Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Demography Inflation and Monetary Policy †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Demography Inflation and Monetary Policy. Answer: Introduction: Since the period when the world had witnessed the global recession of 2008, financial markets, numerous organisations and banks have continued to suffer its long lasting effects. The current market trends have been positive but the lingering effects of the global turmoil of the erstwhile years are still reflected to this date (Eton et al.2016). Financial institutions and banks still continue to operate keeping in view these financial implications. Banks which are regarded as one of the most important contributors of a nations economic growth were hit the most, when the recession had struck in. Combined with the volatile market conditions, the effects of past recession and the malpractices which have crept in the banking sector have significantly impacted the banks performance (Barthe 2017). Today, banks have been encountering the problem of low profitability when compared to the profits of other industries like petroleum and technology. The major financial scandals and scams have led to a loss of trust of the customers on the banking industry. Moreover, the financial downswings and the depleting fiduciary issues with its customers have seriously impacted the banks. The Libor scandals and other cases of money laundering associated with banks have also led to significant amount of reputational loss for the banking sector. This has compelled them to restructure and reinvigorate the commonly practised banking ways to give way to innovative and robust banking ways, in order to improve profitability and revitalise the long lost trust. One of the most neglected factors behind the financial downfall has been the depreciating corporate culture, prevalent in the banking sector. The lethargic and passive corporate culture has been one of the foremost reasons for the downfall of the banking industry (Darmine 2013).There is an innate relationship between corporate cultures practiced in banks with their performance. Corporate culture which practised in the banking industry has significant impact on the banks performance for various reasons. Some of them are: The profitability and performance of the banks are deeply embedded in the practices adopted in the corporate lifestyle of the bank officials. Their motivation, presence and participation in the day to day banking procedures have a direct correlation with their overall performance and motivation. Good compensation for the employees drives them to perform consistently. Everybody wants a part of the profit. Consequently when the banks perform well, the employees also want a part of the profits too. According to Kevin Stiroh of Harvard business review, an organisation which consistently maintains and strives to attain a high level of cultural capital and structure, maintains a comparatively low rate of misconducts and financial risks in their day to day functioning. In such an organisation, the companys policies, processes, values and aims are continuously in aligned with the motivation and morale of its employees.In such a scenario, the tendency to commit financial frauds of any kind decreases, consequently increasing consumers confidence. According to Thakors 2016 paper The Federal Reserve Bank of New York Policy,a consistent and strong culture can also essay the role of a perfect associative matching device, which acts as the link between banks and their employees, when both the parties have the same views about the market opportunities and growth. The importance of culture in the banking industry can no longer be ignored. The financial misconducts, scandals, scams would continue, if timely steps are not taken. The presence and acknowledgement of culture in the banking industries is of paramount importance. All this while, the cultural factor has been ignored by the various officials of the banking industry. Despite the involvement of banking officials in upholding the importance of cultural capital in the banking industry, market misconducts still exists. As per Thakors findings, this happens primarily because of the three prominent factors which are Externalities, Principal- Agent relationship and Adverse Selection. Externalities refers to the impact a variable has on the other when each of them operates in the same environment. When a company pollutes while making its products, the ultimate burden falls on rest of the society and not on the immediate buyer or the seller (Thakor 2016). Principal Agent problems occur when the interests of the employees are not in proper alignment with the companys goals and policies. Adverse selection, on the other hand occurs when, persons who are not qualified for the job are selected for those tasks and purposes. When such practices occur regularly, despite working towards the cultural capital of the company, no significant changes takes place in avoiding the financial scams and misconducts. The bank executives must use stringent actions to stop these misconducts. Usage of zero tolerance policies and undertaking criminal cases against the individual perpetrators is the need of the hour. Moreover today, it becomes imperative for the government and the public sector to be involved in the banking sector and invest in its cultural capital in order to uproot the evils of financial misconducts and scams. The concerned diagram comes under the purview of Macroeconomic theory. The diagram presents the complete cycle of the implications political pressure on trade and a countrys overall financial performance. The steps elaborately explained below: Political Pressure: Political pressure refers to the pressure exerted by the political parties upon the various parts of an economy. It is generally backed by ulterior motives and may or may not result in any positive bearing upon the economy. Rise in Public sector expenditure: Political expenditure is followed by an increase in the expenditure of public sector. It can happen in many ways. For instance, when the government increases spending on defence and other allied sectors. This creates a monetary vacuum in the hands of the customers because of the diversion of the funds. Fiscal deficit: A fiscal deficit takes place when the total expenditure incurred by an economys government surpasses its revenues, the negative income created as a result of this is known as deficit. This has a lot of implications and impact on the economy. The impact can both be negative as well as positive in nature. Economists like Keynes believe fiscal deficit is good for an economy as it helps it to climb out of the pitfalls of economic depression. Whereas, conservationist economist believe that a government should strive to avoid scenarios of fiscal deficit to maintain a balanced approach. Price rise: One of the most dangerous implications of fiscal deficit is the increase in the prices of the commodities. This causes a great amount of distress for the common consumers. The fiscal gap compels the prices of the various goods to increase. This happens because the government needs money to recover the deficit gap, which was created by the fiscal deficit. Debt monetization: Monetizing debtis a two way procedure where the government issues debt generally which are government backed bonds to cover its spending, which leads to the purchase of those bonds by the central bank of the country. They keep them until they become due for payment and consequently, they purchase it from the government leaving them with more money in their hands. Deficit finance: Deficit financing refers to the procedure where the government in order to fund its excess expenses and spending, borrows extra funds from the market. It is another method of increasing money supply in the hands of the government and is caused due to its excessive spending. They do it either by borrowing or by printing new notes. Drop in expected real interest rates: Due to the usage of deficit finance and monetization of debt, there is a drop in the real interest rates. If the government borrows more, this can cause interest rates to increase. This is because they will need to increase interest rates in order to attract the private sector players to buy the extra debt. In the actual scenario, there is a drop in the interest rate because the interest rates go up in from their normal level, leading to a huge void in the financial market and less money in the hands of the public. If exchange rates are held constant, then a temporary period of normalcy remains in the international trade. Soon, the implications of excess fiscal deficit creeps min the exchange rates too and they also change their state. Other implications: There are various other implications of fiscal deficit, such as decline in exports as the government now becomes more depended on imported goods to fund their existence and trade. Imports increase and the net capital outflow increases, which is bad for an economy. Rise is debts takes place which results in service burden upon the entire economy, leading to a scenario of excessive demand and low supply (Juseliu and Takts 2015). The reserves of the country also decline because of expenditure pressure and external debt consequently rises. This causes a deficit in the balance of payments of the economy. It is the record of all the economic transactions performed between countries with the other economies of the world. The external finance of the economy also runs out and a shortage of the external finance takes place because of the pressure of low funds. Refinancing, rescheduling of the financial items and expenses and other necessary adjustments are performed in orde r to counter the effects of deficit financing and other price rise created by political pressure. Credit ratings refer to the measurement of the ability of a debtor to fulfil his or her financial obligations based on their previous records and performance. It is an estimate of a person or an organisations potential to honour their financial commitments. The ratings cover a wide arena of public financial instruments. Any kind of debt or similar kind of obligations towards investors and creditors of institutional nature; e.g. bonds, debentures, securities, mortgaged securities, convertible bonds, medium and long term securities are some of these instruments which comes under the ratings preview. The credit rating industry is mainly dominated by the big three; Moodys Investor Service, Standard Poors, Fitch ratings. They asses the credit worthiness of various countries and organisation. Moodys gathers information required to evaluate risks, who might purchase or own a security, develops a conclusion on the appropriate rating in its committee, monitors the ratings and afterwards informs the marketplace about its ratings. While developing the ratings, a scale is followed starting from the top Aaa to the lower C The scale is divided into two parts consisting of investment and speculative grade (Moodys.com, 2018). Both of them helps to est imate the creditworthiness. SP follows an eight step procedure in their credit rating process. The steps include setting up a contract, pre-evaluation, followed by a management meeting, notification, rating committee meeting, analysis of committees ratings, publication and surveillance of rated issuers and issues (Kingsley, 2018). Fitch uses an almost similar procedure in preparing their credit ratings as that of Moodys and SP and use an ABC rating scale for their ratings specially for their Long term debt and an F rating for short term debts. In case of Sovereign rating criteria, a specific set of uniqueness creeps in while performance of credit than individual ratings. When sovereign credit ratings come into the picture, the credit worthiness of the governments are generally performed. These governments are considered as bearers of more authority and power than the other individual entities. These special powers include the ability to raise taxes, the power of controlling supply of money and the power of setting laws. It is because of these unique risks that these entities are very different form the individual entities. In such cases, the clause of willingness to default is also looked into (Paudyn 2013). In such cases, the creditors also have a very limited means of resorting to legal action against sovereign defaulters. Consequently, the judgements against sovereigns are also difficult to implement and be enforced upon. There are five major factors influencing sovereign ratings. They are institutional and governance e ffectiveness, structure of the economy and its growth prospects, investment position internationally, fiscal flexibility and performance along with burden of debt and monetary flexibility. Income levels, growth prospects and the diversity of the economy are some of the chief drivers of the economic assessment of the Sovereign bodies. The major factors which are the primary determinants of the external assessment are status of the sovereign countrys currency, the external liquidity and the countrys external position. External assessment is very important from the view point of these rating agencies as has been proved in the case of Iceland, where the fiscal indicators had failed to warn and gauge the future troubles of the economy of Iceland during the collapse of the banks in 2008. Monetary policy credibility is another major rating criterion which is keenly looked by Standard poor for its credit assessment of the various countries. Independence of the Monetary authority of a country, its price stability, effectiveness of the monetary policy tools, the level of development of the countrys capital and money markets are some of the most important factors which are looked into during the procedure of assessment of the credibility of monetary policies. The fiscal score which is another important determinant of sovereign ratings refers to the average of the fiscal flexibility and performance scores along with the debt score. Debt score assists in showcasing a sovereigns potential level of debt, the cost of the debts and the structure of the debts undertaken by the countries themselves. The various kinds of contingent liabilities and the monetary assessment also form a paramount part of the ratings study of the agencies. The importance of credit ratings can never be debated. It plays a significant role in any nations economic development. The ratings provided by the big three is pivotal for any countrys development. It provides superior and low cost information; it provides greater credence to the financial instruments and the countrys performance (Kingsley 2018). Most importantly it restores back the faith of the global financial community on the financial performance of the concerned country. References: Anon, 2018.Corporate Culture in Banking: Why It Matters. [online] Oxford Law Faculty. Available at: https://www.law.ox.ac.uk/business-law-blog/blog/2016/10/corporate-culture-banking-why-it-matters [Accessed 29 Mar. 2018]. Apps.olin.wustl.edu. (2018). [online] Available at: https://apps.olin.wustl.edu/faculty/thakor/Website%20Papers/BehavioralRiskManagement-FinancialServicesIndustry.pdf [Accessed 29 Mar. 2018]. Barth, A., 2017. Corporate Culture and Banking. Dermine, J., 2013. Bank corporate governance, beyond the global banking crisis.Financial Markets, Institutions Instruments,22(5), pp.259-281. Eaton, J., Kortum, S., Neiman, B. and Romalis, J., 2016. Trade and the global recession.American Economic Review,106(11), pp.3401-38. Juselius, M. and Takts, E., 2015. Can demography affect inflation and monetary policy?. Kingsley, P. (2018). How credit ratings agencies rule the world. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2012/feb/15/credit-ratings-agencies-moodys [Accessed 29 Mar. 2018]. Moodys.com. (2018). Moody's - credit ratings, research, tools and analysis for the global capital markets. [online] Available at: https://www.moodys.com [Accessed 29 Mar. 2018]. Paudyn, B., 2013. Credit rating agencies and the sovereign debt crisis: Performing the politics of creditworthiness through risk and uncertainty.Review of International Political Economy,20(4), pp.788-818. Thakor, A., 2015. Corporate culture in banking.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Management Accounting Case Assignment Essay Example

Management Accounting Case Assignment Essay Management Accounting Case Assignment BY Allele Case 8-28. Evaluating a Companys Budget Procedures. 1 . Identify the problems that exist in Ferguson Sons Manufacturing Companys budgetary control system and explain how the problems are likely to reduce the effectiveness of the system. The overall companys strategy is not well defined by executives and communicated to the management. There is no goal other the cost reduction at total company level as well as at departmental level. Managers dont see connection between expenses, revenues and overall companys profitability. As a result managers are frustrated because instead of help that budget is suppose to bring it creates problems. Managers dont participate in budgets development; it is purely a task of an accounting department which sets up performance goals for the company as a whole and all its divisions. Accounting department also controls the execution; other departments managers are completely removed from that process, they are only informed about their departments performance at the monthly meeting. We will write a custom essay sample on Management Accounting Case Assignment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Management Accounting Case Assignment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Management Accounting Case Assignment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It turns out that department managers are accountable for the results that they never truly omitted to. This approach would lower companys performance on the long run, when managers loose motivation they are not interested to deliver good results. Accounting departments has a very distant relationship with other operational departments; they concentrate on evaluating only financial goals, looking strictly at the numbers. They are only concerned with the cost reduction and continue to tighten the individual budgets once performance goal is met. At the same time it looks like budget tightening strategy may become unreasonable because at some mint the only way the department can meet the budget is by sacrificing its quality for quantity. If quality becomes an issue, it may lose customers and potentials profits. The way the managers performance is being evaluated does not seem to be fair. Managers are not recognized well enough if they met the budget or even saved more than expected. They are being rewarded with the tighter budget every time they achieve the goal. However if expenses end up to be higher than predicted, managers get a low rating during their monthly performance evaluation. The only motivation for managers to meet the budget is trying to avoid the low performance rating. With the current strategy managers are not rewarded for the good performance instead they are punished in both cases when they meet the budget and get the tighter goal or when they dont deliver expected savings and given lower performance rating which also affect their income. In this circumstance some managers may decide to leave the company and it may be hard to replace them, especially the most experienced ones. Company will incur the additional costs related to hiring the replacements. Operational processes are not well coordinated when special orders are given analysis being done to investigate the cause and no recommendations are made on how to avoid certain costs and improve the performance. The work between departments is not well coordinated either because all departments are over concerned with meeting their monthly budgets. The maintenance department chooses not to help machine shop to fix their broken equipment Just to save time they need to meet their own department budget. However at the total companys level expenses are higher because of idle time that loud be avoided if the maintenance department reacted to the problem on a timely manner. When departments can, they choose to first perform the Jobs that could be done with less time than budgeted; as a result the more important Jobs are being postponed. As a result the whole companys performance may suffer. Company would have to pay additional costs for idle time or for delaying Jobs that are more critical but require more time to complete then allowed by the budget. 2. Explain how Ferguson Sons Manufacturing Companys budgetary control system could be revised to improve its effectiveness. To be more efficient the companys budget has to be done for the whole company. Departmental budgets should not be separately developed and evaluated since they are all part of the same company. In addition to setting cost reducing goals, it also has to set up revenue and profitability targets. In addition to financial, it should have non financial measurements against which performance should be evaluated. The overall companys strategy has to be reflected in the budget goals. Budgeting has to become a common effort for all level of managers when every manager participates n the goal setting discussions, agrees on the goal and feels accountability for the result. While developing budget, a set of clear and specific expectations has to be prepared which will help managers to compare actual and budgeted results. Accounting department role has to change, instead of setting goals and controlling the performance it has to provide support to managers to help them to set up their own goals and provide with data supported by analysis to help managers to understand where the potential problems can be and make a decision on how to improve the performance. Variance analysis has to be done on a regular basis, all variances to the plan have to be investigated and explained, and then appropriate action should be taken to avoid the potential variance in the future. Variance investigation should be a common effort for managers and accountants because while accountants are responsible for the financial part, managers provide expertise into other operational processes that they are responsible for in their departments. All the internal processes and expenses have to be analyses, especially ones that affect two or more departments. This would help to avoid some costs. To achieve companys efficiency, all its internal Once budget is set it has to be reviewed and adjusted during every budgeting cycle. The tightening of the budget would only make sense if it does not sacrifice quality and does not lower motivation. Companys goals have to be realistic and could be revised if internal or external conditions change. Executives should also revise their performance recognition system and to tie individual managers clear goals to the results. Once manager understands the goals and feels his accountability he would be better motivated to meet these goals. Company should develop effective rewards and recognitions system other then budget tightening to increase managers involvement in companys performance and to retain its best employees. Case 108-5. Ethics and the Manager; Rigging Standards. 1 . How did Preston Lansing probably rig the standard costs are the standards set too high or too low? Explain. Since Lansing rigged the standards so that they were always large favorable variances it means that he was setting standard costs too high because positive variance appears when goods produced at the lower costs then standards. That is he way to artificially overestimate Costs of Goods Sold and underestimate Operating Income up until the positive variance is recognized. The way the costs are manipulated is when the positive variances are gradually recognized throughout a year showing increasing performance in second and third quarter and demonstrating the highest performance in the forth quarter. 2. Should Preston Lansing be permitted to continue his practice of managing reported earnings? This is an example of earnings manipulation and it should not be permitted. First of all Preston is being rewarded based on last quarter/year end results. The bonus would not be as high if the earnings were not manipulated. This creates an ethical issue for the company. Manipulation should not be rewarded. Income Statement does not represent a true picture of companys performance which may hide the existing problems. This is not acceptable from the external reporting prospective, when external users of the information are being misguided on companys true performance. 3. What should Stacy Cummins do in this situation? Stacy was concerned about her findings and notified the president of the situation, but did not receive his support. She could go further and bring it to the attention of the Board of Directors, particularly the audit committee, and outline problems that it may create for the company. It may not have desirable results since Board of Directors may already be aware about the issue but does not want to change anything in the current situation. If Stacks actions have no results and she feels insecure in the current situation she may choose to leave the company to avoid potential problems if any controversy arises as a result of companys unacceptable accosting practices and she may be liable for the professional misconduct.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

My Life and Peer Pressure essays

My Life and Peer Pressure essays Peer pressure is a very common thing in the U.S. Although it is often thought of as when someone is pressured into drugs or pressured into alcohol, it is sometimes a good thing. When someone encourages you to do your best in something like school, this is positive peer pressure. Yet, when someone is coaxing you into betraying your own values, they are putting negative peer pressure on you. Peer pressure has affected all of us. It has affected me positively by having people encourage me to make the right decision. An example of negative peer pressure that has been put on me would be when my friends try to get me to do something that we both know Im not allowed to do. Positive peer pressure is a very good thing. I, many a time, have got mad at people for trying to talk to me about doing the right thing. I, later, did end up thanking them though. Positive peer pressure has affected my life by getting me to make better decisions. One thing I have learned on my own about peer pressure is that sometimes it doesnt come in the form of words. Sometimes, peer pressure comes just by seeing the affected a bad decision had on other people and the way they look at you. You can see that, mentally, their saying, Dont do this. It has affected me and I dont want you to hurt like I do. I believe that my sister, Janna, has also put positive peer pressure on me. She has done this by having a baby at an early age. She knows that I can see what it did to her. Most likely she wont finish her education and she knows that my education is important to me. I think she is putting positive peer pressure on me by just showing me the affects having a baby at a young age has on you. Now after all of this good stuff, yes, its the bad stuff. Negative peer pressure is one of the worst things that happen to teens. Yes, I have been in a negative peer pressure situation. When my friends want me t...

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Music Research Paper

Music Research Paper Music research paper leads to a wide array of discussion specially when written at university level. Music research paper is written by the arts students or students interested in the role of music in their own required fields. When it comes to writing a research paper on music, students are quite confused in selection of research method. First solution is to find the main research topic. Normally if you need help to write a research paper on music, you should have the basic knowledge of your music paper requirements. In general, research paper on music is written in different dimensions and categories. Music research paper topics are of different kinds such as: International Music European Music Asian Music American Music African Music These types are general and can be made more specific by adding certain period, confined geography, singers and types of music. Music research paper topics are highly different in different in different courses and universities as music is universal and nothing specific in term of research boundary can be defined. Research paper on music is always written under close support and supervision of concerned teacher or supervisor. Writing a music research paper or selection of area or music research paper topics’ allocation all are diverse issue and need your complete understanding to the concepts of music and its related issues. When you need help to write a research paper on music, you have many options to consult from i.e., your friends, classmates, teachers, other faculty members and your library. If you find all these resources insufficient in giving you required support, you probably would look forward to an external help to write a research paper on music. For help in writing a research paper on music, best possible source can be a good custom writing company with proven success track and global cliental. You can buy custom research paper on music online from many companies but the problem is quality and originality of work. Many companies claim writing research papers on music but as it is not an easy task, most of their claims prove wrong when students place an order with them. Whenever we work on writing research papers on music as company, we need to have a good and very strong background on the topic. When it comes to order a research paper on music, its becomes very risky if a careful selection of writing company is not made by the students. CustomWritings.com is the custom writing company engaged in writing music research papers since 2005. We have thousands of satisfied customers from major American and European universities. We have not earned this reputation over night; it is the result of un-tired professional working of our writers and staff. When you are writing a research paper on music or you need help to write a research paper on music, you must try the services of CustomWritings.com without any fear. You will get a timely response from our support team and high quality completely original work from our highly qualified and learned writers. Writing a research paper on music has become easy for you now. Just order your music research paper with CustomWritings.com and go to smell some flowers.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Summary on evidence by roger sapsford Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary on evidence by roger sapsford - Essay Example In this light, the article by Sapsford is introductory in its essence, or, alternatively, recapitulative, if a reader is aiming to find a starting point in tackling tasks that seem to defy easy methodological approaches to them. In this role, the writing by Sapsford is very adequate as the author manages to consequently present the general overview of conventional divisions of methods applicable in social psychology, such as divisions exemplified by oppositions between naturalistic and controlled, structured and unstructured, and specific and generalizable types of experiments and approaches to the data analysis (Sapsford 1996, p. 146). With this general but very instructive distinction in mind, the author devotes an extended attention to the exploration of the division of methods of social research on the ones inspired by ‘scientific’ and ‘qualitative’ approaches. ‘Scientific’ research, according to Sapsford, is characterised by the observance of the rules of â€Å"clear measurement and logical design† (Sapsford 1996, p. 147), which in practice means adherence to the formalised ways of data gathering and analysis, such as questionnaires, creation of personality inventories, organisation of control groups, etc. Perhaps even more insightful is the association by the author of the ‘scientific’ research with the underlying assumption of researches that the objective knowledge is out there in the world, and that their task is to find ways to obtain that knowledge. In its turn, the philosophy behind the ‘qualitative’ research is based on the assumption that it is too often the case that straightforward approaches akin to those of the ‘scientific’ research may miss the true complexity of the real world, can fall a victim to the subjectivity of researchers, and, moreover, may influence, even though inadvertently, the object of